
I generally read the Oneonta Star on weeknights, but last night the local PriceChopper Grocery was out of the local paper. So I got a USA TODAY. I also bought a box of Neapolitan ice cream.
The front page of USA TODAY had a story about how happy black people are in America. About 60% are really optimistic about the future. Buried in the coverage was a paragraph that said that 42% of black people preferred to be called "black." About 44% preferred to be called "African-American."
I've always thought either term was absurd.
No one is actually black in the way that an 8-ball is black.
So the term simply isn't accurate. When I'm teaching my children their colors, I couldn't point to a black person and say, black. Otherwise, they'd get the wrong idea.
Aside from this, some white people are actually black. Culturally black. This is what Ralph Nader meant when he said that Obama is talking white. Well, is Obama really culturally black, and so is he talking white, or is he just talking the way he grew up? He is half-white and he grew up with his white grandparents in Hawaii, and he also lived in Indonesia. Is he culturally black? No. He's not. Is he culturally white? Maybe. Plus, there are white people who are culturally black.
For instance, I lived in a small apartment building in Seattle. Across the hallway was a white man. Every night he ate fried chicken, and once in a while, he barbecued catfish on the back lawn barbecue. He talked black. One day, a little unsure of how to ask, I just said, "Are you black?"
He was as fair as Steve Martin in The Jerk.
This guy's name was Steve, too.
He laughed. He said, "I am white, but my parents died in a car accident, and I was adopted by a black family. So I am culturally black. I went to Morehouse, and am now the pastor of an African Methodist Episcopal church. You should come some Sunday. We won't bite you, we only nibble."
In subsequent conversations he told me that he had a hard time with his identity. Blacks didn't think he was black, and whites didn't think he was white. He identified himself as black, and said that should be sufficient. However, as I said to him, if I went around identifying myself as black, how would he feel about that.
He laughed. That guy laughed a lot. I think he was enjoying his life. (He believed in God with all his heart.)
Meanwhile, there is the other term "African-American." This term is REALLY nonsense. First of all, there are all kinds of Africans. Some of them, too, are white. For instance, any of the Boers of South Africa or the former Rhodesia who are now in America are at least technically "African." They may have been fervent supporters of apartheid, but they must still be considered "African." There are also people from India in Africa, especially in South Africa, where they were officially recognized as of a different caste than the blacks or whites. When you get away from Sub-Saharan Africa you get people of French descent in Tunisia, and in Algeria. There are many Semitic peoples all over that northern area of Africa. When they emigrate, are they "African-Americans" too?
I think what we mean when we focus on the term "African" is that they came over on the slave ships. However, many African-Americans today came by other means. Some chose to emigrate in the last two years. Plus, some blacks in the south did have the right to own slaves. In the New Orleans area, in particular, there were thousands of black slave owners. There are African-Americans who arrived recently from Trinidad or from Jamaica or from Nigeria, or from Rwanda.
And today there are people of mixed heritage, like Obama himself, who has partial slave heritage, and partial slave-owner heritage.
I'm dissatisfied with the terms "black," and "African-American."
But I also don't really like the term, "Indian," or "Native American." "Indian," of course is simply wrong. Columbus thought he was going to India. He didn't make it but the inhabitants of the Americas still got called Indians. That's absurd. But they aren't "native," either, since they come over the Bering Strait, and are actually Asians, except that they are no longer in Asia...
The term "Hispanic" is nonsense, as well. Technically, it means "of or relating to the people, speech, or culture of Spain, Spain AND Portugal, or Latin America." Don't get me started on "Latin" Americans, since almost no one can speak Latin, and if they do, they are quite often white or black people educated at Oxford, or Harvard, or else they are Catholic priests, of just about any color. A Hispanic could be a refugee from Nazi Germany who got into Argentina or Chile after WWII, and now they're supposedly Hispanic after a mere four decades? If "Latin" denotes having derived from the Latin language, then why aren't French people "Latin Americans"?
Let's turn briefly to "Asians," which is just about the most nonsensical term ever invented. If there is nothing between Europe and Asia, then what is a woman from the Caucasus mountains? If she's an Asian, then so am I. And yet, I'm supposedly a Caucasian. The Caucasus mountains were the supposed original point of dissemination of the Caucasian people. Caucasians are Turkish, Chechen, and some ethnologists have argued that they fan out as far as Indonesia. Are these the same people I'm supposed to describe as "white"? Finnish people have the broad faces of Asians, but are otherwise in general, white. What are Pacific Islanders? How far out do you have to go to be considered "Oceanic"? Are the ancestors of the men who left the imperial navy's ship the Bounty in their mutiny to live on Pitcairn Island "Oceanic" by now?
In bird nomenclature many of the early guesses of 19th century scientists have turned out to be wrong, and now through DNA research, we can more properly align one species with another.
But if you check the DNA of the human race, we are all one species. This means we can all have children. Separate bird species cannot do this. As one species, all human beings are homo sapiens. Perhaps it could be said that we come in different flavors. Perhaps black people should be called "chocolate," or light-skinned blacks could be called "amaretto," or "hazelnut," while whites could be called "vanilla," and Native Americans could be called "strawberry," and Hispanics could be called, "toffee," using ice cream as the common designation. The "salad bowl" metaphor doesn't please me because it implies that we are separate species, as a pea and a lettuce leaf and a pepper are separate species. All human beings have the same human substance, as does ice cream.
So perhaps if we think of ourselves as flavors of ice cream, we wouldn't have all these melt-downs in regards to naming ourselves.
People who are spectacularly intermixed like Obama could be called Sundaes, or Neapolitans.
Already I see the problems. First off, the anthropophagous (cannibalistic) among us would feel encouraged, or even incited. Jeffrey Dahmer types would rejoice, and feel justified in keeping us in the fridge for nocturnal delectation after the kids are put to bed.
Also, my favorite flavor, mint, has not been represented among the human species (although eco-freaks are now denoted as green, their skin color doesn't come anywhere close. (Perhaps the aliens who are reported to be among us are green and may be the mint flavor I seek, but then they are probably not homo sapiens.)
With our obesity problem perhaps some would even be quite literal about this new flavoring nomenclature and begin to devour themselves. That could be a drawback to this new system of labelling I modestly propose. The autoanthropophagous (self-cannibalistic) are probably not a huge minority at this point in America. But who knows what a little encouragement might bring.
18 comments:
I would be Rainforest Crunch (now retired) or Cherry Garcia from Ben and Jerry's.
WW
Breyers has a mint chocolate chip flavor that is white (except for the chips), not green. It's yummy too.
It's funny: my theme was the Procrustean nature of almost all categories.
On the other hand, ice cream is pretty good.
My wife likes Perry's Ice Cream, the flavor called A Piece of Cake.
I rarely eat ice cream, but get it for my family a lot. I don't like sweets.
Aren't sweets kind of a woman thing? They say that women are the ones who like to eat candy.
It seems to make my stomach sick.
I prefer eating a vegetable, or a cheese sandwich.
I'd probably be Neapolitan.
Kirby: I find it interesting that you opened up this conversation, considering our recent discussion in e-mails (for reference for the other commentators: I am multiracial)
I can almost emphasize with Obama. I have gotten the "are you black or white" question since seventh grade. I'd probably be consider mostly culturally white, considering my interests, my tastes in music, and other things. Which is why I've struggled with the "not black enough" designation for a long time.
These are good questions. What is "black"? What is "cultural blackness?" How is/should it be defined? These are things I am thinking about and still trying to figure out.
Nicole, it reminds me of Kafka's note on justice, and how he has a character wait by the door for his trial for decades, finally dying. The guard for the door who had never let the man in, now leans over the dying man. The man asks, "In all my years, I've never seen anyone go in or out of this door. Who was it for?"
"This door was for you," the guard answers.
I think that fitting in to any given group might feel that way for just about everybody.
But I think for those between black and white it's the hardest and the most difficult, because it's such a divide.
That is, blacks rarely associate with whites outside of work, and vice versa.
There are distinctly black neighborhoods, and white neighborhoods, and there is a discomfort in one or the other for those who don't belong.
That's changing slowly but it's a much stronger divide than for say "Indians," or "Native Americans," who often don't look very different. If you're black you can spot a white person two blocks off, and vice versa.
It's hard to tell what an Indian would be, or a Jewish person (yamakas help, as do curls).
Hispanics can kind of go either way.
But the pigmentation arc between white and black, and also the antipathy felt between those two groups by its most violent members (say KKK and Black Panthers) is possibly the most intense.
The "Oreo" phenomenon is one thing, the mulatto phenomenon another. Zora Neale Hurston spins a lot on this drama in her books.
What's funny is that after 5 minutes of being with another individual you forget about their color and are just dealing with their person, whatever that is.
Yarmulke. Or Kipa (or Kipah).
fwiw I thought this was awesome and hilarious.
dubyadubya -- you are light pink with black rectangles?
"Native Americans" were here long before "migration" over land bridge...not Asians!
Native Americans didn't come over the Bering Strait? Is this a theory, or a fact?
G.M., thanks so much for the good feedback. I was kind of proud of how this worked out. I think I managed to hit every group, and show how their nomiker was nonsensical. Mostly I think these names are leftovers from previous centuries.
Caucasian must be the funniest of the lot.
At any rate, I think "nativism" is a little bit of a difficult sell after Hitler tried it in Germany, with the "Aryan" race (Aryans were thought to be the part of the Caucasian race that went west in 19th century race theory). Nativism also appears in the film "Gangs of New York" in which the brutal dictator played by Daniel Day-Lewis argues that since he is native American, and the character played by Leo whatever isn't, that Leo whatever and his Irish ilk should die. Irish were arriving in enormous quantities due to the failure of the potato crop in Ireland.
Are peoples connected to the soil from whence they sprang, like plants, as Hitler and Heidegger argued?
On what basis can peoples legitimately lay claim to land? Is military force the only ultimate legitimation? In some sense, it might well be the court of last resort.
Nothing else would save the people of Darfur, or the Jews in Hitler's Germany, or the Delaware Indians that were decimated by the stronger surrounding tribes and forced to wear girlish outfits and take the names of girls or else face being scalped.
In Gangs of New York it's finally superior military force that decides the day.
A fat lot of good moral rights have when someone else is putting a gun to your face, and you are trying to make a clear moral argument.
Armenians.
Throughout history it seems to be military might that decides if your civilization lasts. Carthage goofed up in one or two crucial battles and were erased. The Trojans goofed up, and were erased.
Sometimes (a little bit here and there) something good happens. Hitler was erased. The Confederacy was erased.
American Indians or NAtive Americans weren't exactly erased. They're still here in enormous numbers. Apparently there are now more Native Americans than there were when westerners arrived.
there is a real insecurity in this country about ethnic character
ethologically speaking we are all mutts...those of us who have hereditary links back more than two generations at least
but we seem to need these categories for some sense of identity
is it because the american category is too weak?
these days i am a politically alienated american...an american by default...in exile in the land to which i was born
the term catholic...universal...appeals to me more and more
if i flew a flag it would be the flag of the whole planet
in the cultural drama we seem to need to have representative characters...and we are so dissappointed when they betray human flaws...or so excited when they are somehow bigger than life
from the outset there seemed to be this tensions which placed various groups at odds with one another and while theoretically most people are beyond that it seems the conflicts have not ended...if there's not a fight going on somewhere we get impatient
i wonder if it is because of the preoccupation with images
the role the camera and film play in our cultural awareness
there is a narrowness and at times a tyranny in the classification of humans based on appearances
there is also comedy as kirby points out
phenomenology as tyranny
Kirby: Good points you mention in your response to me. Specifically:
"The "Oreo" phenomenon is one thing, the mulatto phenomenon another. Zora Neale Hurston spins a lot on this drama in her books."
Ah, yes, the mulatto phenomenon. I still resist the mulatto label. I need to connect with Ms. Hurston's writing on this subject. I guess if there's anything I dislike, it's both the "confused" and "tragic" stereotypes that arise in response to multiracial individuals. I am neither, my fiance is neither, and most other multiracials I have met are neither.
"Mixed" happens to be one aspect of my identity, along with "poet", "fiancee", "chocolate lover" "Enneatype Four with Five wing", "Myers Brigg Type INFP", "female", "bisexual"...and the list goes on.
I think if we hadn't been in this paradigm of race relations here in the United States, this whole issue about "mixed people" would not be a big deal.
Also: "What's funny is that after 5 minutes of being with another individual you forget about their color and are just dealing with their person, whatever that is."
And that's pretty much how I deal with people on a personal level, as I mentioned in one of my e-mails. And I would love to see a world where everyone forgets.
Also, I agree that there is a definitely divide between black and white. Which is why sometimes I have a rough time. But this is slowly going away. I will say in the performance poetry/slam communities, I am at home - the divide between black and white didn't really exist in the first place.
-Nicole
Most scientists trace homo sapiens sapiens back to about 200,000 years ago in E. Africa (savannah). We have very little genetic difference between the so-called groups. America is the most recently settled continent having only been occupied for about 14,500 years.
There are some odd claims as to the first inhabitants. Jews have claimed for 300 years that the lost tribe came here (Mormons believe this to be true, and think that after Gethsemane Christ was reborn as an American Indian.)
But there is no linquistic trace of Hebrew among American Indians, and you'd think this would be the case.
There are a handful of people who claim that American Indians sprang separately into existence, but if so it would be quite remarkable since the DNA is almost identical to all other members of homo sapiens sapiens.
All human cultures have some kind of philosophy and some kind of art. We are reflective. At about age 18 months all humans can recognize themselves in a mirror.
There has been a very little morphological change (skin is darker closer to the equator, lighter further from the equator).
But a rat and a mouse are about 100 times more different genetically than even a human and a bonobo monkey, our closest relative.
So we're quite similar to monkeys.
And yet we're very distant.
There's next to no real difference between any human beings in terms of actual biological structure and functioning.
Culture is quite different, of course, but even the most extremely separate tribes can find ways to communicate. Every group recognizes art as art, and there is no human group that doesn't have art. Moreover, we appear to be the only animal that uses art.
So I think it's important to study that, and to use it as a way to bring people together against comparatively stupid things like identitarian nationalism.
The problem is how to do this. I think humor is an important tool. Even the monkeys have humor, and it seems to be a way to create bonds.
Don't know why that should be so, but I think it's a key across cultures. Then you have to think about what kinds of humor, etc. Some kinds (ridicule) don't help a lot in terms of bringing people together.
Kirby, could you please cite a source for your claim that Jews consider Native Americans to have roots in one or more of the ten lost tribes?
I don't know of any mainstream Jewish (ie, not "Jews" for Jesus, Mormon, etc) source for such an idea and would be quite interested to read such a document.
Herb, Wikipedia "Native Americans."
I think I saw this there.
It said that there were 300 years of such claims among the Jewish community. Quite an oddball claim, I grant. My only aquaintance with this concept was through several Mormon friends that I have who have told me about this, plus I saw a 4-hour documentary on Mormons which mentioned it, and also mentioned that DNA and linguistic evidence doesn't match the claim, and yet the top dogs of the Mormon church won't let this shibboleth be questioned.
But if the idea has been in play for 300 years it predates the foundation of the Mormon church.
Let me know what you find.
If nothing, I will try to retrace where I found it.
I find so much about origins amusing, and I especially enjoyy American Indian lore, since so little of it is even remotely true.
You remember that Chief Seattle speech, for instance? It was written for a Baptist TV program in the 1950s, and is riddled with anomalies. For instance, "Chief Seattle" laments the disappearance of the buffalo from the area. But there were never any Buffalo west of the Cascades.
He also laments the appearance of telephone lines, but he died before there were any telephone lines in the Pacific Northwest.
And as you explore American Indian culture it's like a Russian doll of lies inside of lies inside of myths inside of questionable statements. And that's if you just barely scratch the surface.
The Taliban don't permit humor.
What is the penalty for humor among the Taliban?
What I don't understand, is why our society still refers to people as different "races".
We aren't different races, and that is a fact. Just all human.
Good post, by the way.
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